The Franklin expedition remains one of the most enduring mysteries of Arctic exploration and Canadian history.
All hands perished on that voyage, despite being close to discovering the elusive sea route through the Canadian North. He is best known for leading the tragic 1845 expedition to find the Northwest Passage. A respected naval officer and colonial governor, he was involved in several high-profile expeditions to the Canadian Arctic that mapped large stretches of unknown coastline. Franklin’s name is synonymous with Arctic exploration and the Northwest Passage. Sir John Franklin, naval officer, Arctic explorer (born 16 April 1786 in Spilsby, England died 11 June 1847 aboard HMS Erebus near King William Island, Nunavut). In 1922, these manuscripts were brought to Bhandarkar Institute, Pune," said Natu whose doctoral thesis was on George Bühler's contribution to Indology.Credit: Library and Archives Canada/C-1352. When BORI was founded in 1917, expressly for the purpose of the preservation of old and rare manuscripts in the country, it officially requested the British government to transfer all the manuscripts - from Bombay and other parts of the country to BORI. To preserve the manuscripts, they transferred their collection to Pune to Deccan College in 1878. Initially, they were with the Elphinstone College, Bombay but after some time, the British government realised that the climate of Bombay was not good. He procured around 800 manuscripts which are now in the possession of the BORI it is the largest collection of manuscripts outside Kashmir. "Accordingly, after getting the permission from British government, Bühler went to Kashmir in 1875-76 where he visited various parts of Kashmir. Starting Saturday, the two-day G20 summit in Delhi will see delegates from around the world swirl through the cultural corridor(ANI Pic Service/Anindya) He also put in a request to visit Kashmir, since it was called the ' Sharada Pitham' (seat of knowledge). During this period, he procured thousands of manuscripts from Gujarat and Rajasthan region. Bühler, a German scholar came to India in 1863 and, after a stint as a professor, became the education inspector of the Northern Region of Bombay Presidency (currently Gujarat). In the Bombay Presidency, many Sanskrit scholars worked to procure manuscripts.Ī former Sanskrit professor at Elphinstone College, Georg Bühler, spearheaded this project. Under that, they allotted funds to various presidencies. In the late 19th century, the British government started a project of procuring old Indian manuscripts from various parts of the country. So how did BORI, a 106-year-old institute which is a public organization registered under Act XXI 1860 (a Public Trust) in Pune to preserve rare books and manuscripts, come to possess the manuscript?
However, while the script is Sharda, the language is Sanskrit. The manuscript on display uses the Sharda script, which was used prolifically in the regions of Kashmir till the 16th century, following which Persian and other scripts became more commonplace. The Rigveda comprises hymns in praise of gods and goddesses, who are personifications of nature like the sun, wind, and water and even, Indra, considered in Hindu mythology to be the king of gods. Rigveda is considered to be the oldest written document, older even than written texts by the Greek or Persian cultures. Of them, more than 50 are written on birch bark," said Amruta Natu, assistant curator, BORI.
We have a collection of around 800 Kashmiri manuscripts at BORI. It is a thin layer of bark of the birch tree, and it is very fragile and delicate. Birch trees are found in the regions of the Himalayas, and their bark was used for writing, so many birch-bark manuscripts emerged from regions like Kashmir. "This specific manuscript sent for the G20 exhibition is written on birch bark before paper came to India. Measuring 10.2 inches by 9.4 inches, the manuscript loaned by the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (BORI) in Pune, isn't made of paper, but birch bark.
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